Night Views

How Night Vision Works

2005-12-07T13:13:00.000-08:00

HOW NIGHT VISION WORKS

Author - C. J. Boedeker - The Night Vision Store & The
Opticstore

http://www.nightvisionstore.com

http://www.opticstore.com

During the history of warfare, operations at night have always
been degraded significantly, if not totally avoided. Typically,
soldiers fighting at night have had to resort to artificial
illumination, e.g., at first fire and later with light sources
such as searchlights. The use of light sources on the
battlefield had the detrimental result of giving away tactical
positions and information about maneuvers. The advent of new
technologies initially in the 1950's and continuing into the
present time has changed this situation. The engineers and
scientists at the Night Vision & Electronic Sensors Directorate
(NVESD) have discovered ways to capture available
electro-magnetic radiation outside that portion of the spectrum
visible to the human eye and have developed equipment to enable
the American soldier to fight as well at night as during the day
in order to "Own the Night".

Image Intensification: Image intensifiers capture ambient light
and amplify it thousands of times by electronic means to display
the battlefield to a soldier via a phosphor display such as
night vision goggles. This ambient light comes from the stars,
moon or sky glow from distant manmade sources, such as cities.
A soldier can conduct his combat missions without any active
illumination sources using only image intensifiers. The main
advantages of image intensifiers as night vision devices are
their small size, light weight, low power requirements and low
cost. These attributes have enabled image intensifier goggles
for head-worn, individual soldier applications and resulted in
hundreds of thousands of night vision goggles to be procured by
the US Army. Research and development continues today on image
intensifiers in the areas of longer wavelength spectral
response, higher sensitivity, larger fields of view, increased
resolution, advanced displays and image fusion.

Night Vision technology consists of two major types: image
intensification (light amplification) and thermal imaging
(infrared). Most consumer night vision products are light
amplifying devices.

Light amplification technology takes the small amount of light,
such as moonlight or starlight, that is in the surrounding area,
and converts the light energy (scientists call it photons), into
electrical energy (electrons). These electrons pass through a
thin disk that's about the size of a quarter and contains over
10 million channels. As the electrons travel through and strike
the walls of the channels, thousands more electrons are
released. These multiplied electrons then bounce off of a
phosphor screen which converts the electrons back into photons
and let you see an impressive nighttime view even when it's
really dark. All image intensified night vision products on the
market today have one thing in common: they produce a green
output image. In the night vision world there are generations
that reflect the level of technology used. The higher the
generation, the more sophisticated the night vision technology.

Generation 0 - The earliest (1950's) night vision products were
based on image conversion, rather than intensification. They
required a source of invisible infrared (IR) light mounted on or
near the device to illuminate the target area.

Generation 1 - The "starlight scopes" of the 1960's (Vietnam
Era) have three image intensifier tubes connected in a series.
These systems are larger and heavier than Gen 2 and Gen 3. The
Gen 1 image is clear at the center but may be distorted around
the edges. (Low-cost Gen 1 imports are often mislabeled as a
higher generation.

Generation 2 - The microchannel plate (MCP) electron multiplier
prompted Gen 2 development in the 1970s. The "gain" provided by
the MCP eliminated the need for back-to-back tubes - thereby
improving size and image quality. The MCP enabled development of
hand held and helmet mounted goggles.

Generation 3 - Two major advancements characterized development
of Gen 3 in the late 1970s and early 1980s: the gallium arsenide
(GaAs) photocathode and the ion-barrier film on the MCP. The
GaAs photocathode enabled detection of objects at greater
distances under much darker conditions. The ion-barrier film
increased the operational life of the tube from 2000 hours (Gen
2) to 10,000 (Gen 3), as demonstrated by actual testing and not
extrapolation.

Thermal Imaging:

Most objects in natural scenes, as well as human beings and
manmade objects emit electro-magnetic radiation in the form of
heat. Thermal imagers or infrared viewers (also known as FLIRs)
gather the infrared radiation and form an electronic image for
the soldier. Since they do not rely on reflected ambient light,
thermal imagers are totally light-level independent. They also
have significant penetration capabilities through obscurants
such as fogs, hazes, and conventional battlefield smokes. There
are two varieties of thermal imaging systems: cooled and
uncooled. Cooled thermal imaging requires cryogenic cooling.
Lower performing uncooled thermal imaging systems require no
detector cooling but have sufficient performance to provide the
low to medium performance required by individual soldier sights,
infantry vehicles, navigation, robotics and missile seekers.
Present research and development in cooled thermal imaging are
pursuing multi-spectral imaging, improved sensitivity and
resolution, and embedded signal processing to aid the soldier in
target acquisition missions. Current uncooled research is
directed at smaller size packages and power consumption with
lower cost and increased sensitivity, resolution and field of
view. Small, palm-sized uncooled thermal imagers are now
available.

About the author:
C. J. Boedeker provides Night Vision equipment and Consulting
for both Professional and Hobbyist applications. He can be
reached at http://www.nightvisionstore.com or
http://www.opticstore.com

Accessories for Yukon Rifle Scopes

2005-10-28T13:18:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com

Yukon Accessories.. at:

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Night%20Vision%20Multi-Task%20Accessories.htm#24%20mm%20lens

Yukon Generation 3 Night Vision Rifle Scope

2005-10-28T13:15:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com

Titanium Third Generation (GEN 3) Tactical Night Vision Rifle Scope
The Titanium Tactical offers the same rugged construction pioneered by the mini-Osprey with the addition of two Weaver rails to accommodate accessories such as laser sighting or an auxiliary day scope.
GEN III optics have been developed in recent years and are currently the state of the art in night vision. GEN III optics have a greatly increased amount of light gaining ability and resolution (clarity) over both GEN I and II optics. They are the ideal choice for discriminating night vision enthusiasts, law enforcement and military personnel. For night hunting applications they also work extremely well, offering excellent detail and range.
NOTE!
It is a violation of United States Federal Law to export Generation III technology without appropriate license.
Applications include law enforcement, security, predator and varmint control (where permitted), photography and surveillance.

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Tactical%20Generation%203%20specifications.htm

2005-10-28T13:12:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com
Yukon NVRS Mini Osprey Second Generation (GEN II) Night Vision ScopeGEN II Technology was developed in the 1970's. They have a significantly longer life span and do not require visible light to operate, which allows them to work in extremely dark conditions. They also offer a clearer picture/resolution than GEN I optics and are a good choice for night optics when details (such as hunting applications) need to be seen.
Applications include law enforcement, security, predator and varmint control (where permitted), photography and surveillance.

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Generation%202%20specifications.htm

Yukon Generation 2 Rifle Scope

2005-10-28T13:07:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com

Model 26021 / 26022Plus a FREE Yukon 16-32X50 Spotting Scope with Tripod/Window MountMSRP $99.99or $70 Cash Back!!! Free shipping on all Yukon Products!
Yukon NVRS Mini Osprey Second Generation (GEN II) Night Vision ScopeGEN II Technology was developed in the 1970's. They have a significantly longer life span and do not require visible light to operate, which allows them to work in extremely dark conditions. They also offer a clearer picture/resolution than GEN I optics and are a good choice for night optics when details (such as hunting applications) need to be seen.
Applications include law enforcement, security, predator and varmint control (where permitted), photography and surveillance.
http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Generation%202%20specifications.htm

Yukon Mini Osprey Titanium Night Vision Scope

2005-10-28T13:02:00.000-07:00

Yukon Titanium Mini Osprey Night Vision Scope

2005-10-28T13:00:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com

Press Release - Fort Worth, Texas - January 27, 2004 As of January 1,, 2004, more that 7000 of the popular Yukon Mini-Opsprey Night Vision rifle scopes have been sold world wide. This makes the Mini-Osprey the most popular scopes of its kind ever marketed!
The Yukon NVRS 2.5x (also marketed as the Osprey or Mini-Osprey) combines many recent night vision technological advancements into a modern, compact, high performance riflescope. And, because of the unique design of the 'disappearing' reticle, this scope can be used as a night vision photographic monocular as well.The military-grade titanium body is designed to provide exceptional weight/strength characteristics.
This is just the first of many great features that places the NVRS 2.5X ahead of all other scopes on the market.Developed with input from our user community, the Mil-Spec. type red luminous reticle has internal windage/elevation adjustments via knobs conveniently placed on the right of the eyepiece. This type of reticle makes it easy to find and hold an object. It can be completely switched off when not required or when the scope is used for photography/video purposes. When switched off, the reticle completely disappears to allow unobstructed viewing or photography and allows the use of anauxiliary Laser Pointer.
The scope features a Weaver style mount for easy attachment to most firearms. All controls are ergonomically designed and can be used with ease in total darkness and with gloved hands..
The Tactical models feature two additional Weaver rails for attachment of accessories
The photomultiplier light amplification tube is designed and mounted to withstand the recoil shock of even the largest caliber rifle. Other Night Vision rifle scopes do not offer this protection.
The NVRS 2.5 features a silent power supply unit developed exclusively for Yukon NV products. If you have used other night vision devices in the past, you will quietly appreciate this feature. This is especially important when hunting predators - the high-pitched whine of older style power supplies can heard at some distance.
The large 42 mm and 50 mm multi-coated front lens provides high light gathering capabilities while maintaining the scope's compact profile.
Three models are available:
26012 - 26012T - Standard 140 Field of view, 42 mm objective lens, 2.5X magnification
26011 - 26011T - Wide Angle 200 Field of view, 42 mm objective lens, 1.5X magnification
26013 - 26013T - HiPerformance 150 Field of view, large 50 mm objective lens, 2.5X magnificationThe oblique rubber eye shade makes viewing more comfortable while shielding the green glow of the electro/optical light amplifier from outside observation. Eye relief is a generous 45 mm.The powerful built-in infrared illuminator provides additional 'invisible' light to enhance viewing when the subject is in shadows or complete darkness. It is effective at distances up to 219 yds.The NVRS 2.5 offers a unique remote on-off switch that can be located on the stock or forepiece of a rifle, thus enabling the shooter to activate the NV scope and/or the IR Illuminator without removing his hands from firing position.The photo/video adapter, included with the scope, also contributes to the exceptional value and versatility of the NVRS.
Summary
Titanium shockproof housing
Improved Generation 1+ technology
Gen 2+ and Gen 3 available by special order
Luminous red reticle
Reticle disappears when switched off
Powerful IR-Illuminator
Weaver style mount
Silent power supply unit
Lightweight
Long range
Oblique eye shade
High resolution
Large objective lens
Remote activation switch
Photo/video adapter
Ergonomically designed controls

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Mini%20Osprey%20NVRS%20G1.htm

Yukon Mini Osprey Titanium Night Vision Scope

2005-10-28T12:55:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Mini%20Osprey%20NVRS%20G1.htm

Yukon Spirit Night Vision Monocular

2005-10-28T12:53:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com

Overview

The Spirit is an amazing night vision monocular that allows you to see in complete darkness while stealthily moving through the night undetected - like a Spirit. The Spirit magnifies images with its 2 power lens and is distinguished by its small size, simplicity and light weight. The Spirit utilizes quality optics with a built-in IR for use on a nighttime outdoor adventure, while exploring a dark cave or the inside of a pitch-black building or any other dark place. The sturdy, rugged Spirit will provide you with hours of enjoyment. Try watching nocturnal animals in their natural environment or discover what else lurks in the dark without exposing yourself to the unseen. The Spirit is available in either Gray or Black housing.
Summary
Uses:
Commercial and sport fishing
Hunting
General observation
Outdoor activities
Search and Rescue

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Night%20Vision%20Monocular%2024041.htm

Yukon Night Vision Multi Task

2005-10-28T12:51:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com

Yukon Advanced Optics is proud to introduce the newest addition to our premium night vision line. The NV Multi Task embraces the most modern technology available with emphasis on practicality. The NVMT has evolved into a multi-functional system allowing the scope to be used as either a monocular or a rifle scope. Whether you select the waterproof version or the standard variety; you will be pleased by the ease of use and quality of image provided by this compact unit. The NV MT is equipped with two 1/4 inch mounts, allowing it to be utilized for a head mount as well as a riflescope. As an option, the NV MT can also be equipped with an exclusive rifle mount/laser system elevating the NV MT to the top of the newest generation of compact night vision riflescopes -

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Night%20Vision%20Multi-Task.htm

2005-10-28T12:49:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com

Special Homeland Security pricing on all Yukon Night Vision - BELOW OUR LOWEST ADVERTISED PRICES!!! - Call or email for quote!!
Yukon NVMT Head Mount 24025
The versatile NVMT becomes a hands-free monocular/goggle with Yukon's NVMT 1x24 Head Mount Kit. The kit consists of a Yukon 1X24 monocular with a comfortable head mount. The low magnification prevents distance distortion and comfortable viewing, while working. Both the NV monocular and the headmount come complete with carrying cases.
Overview

Multifunctional System
Built in Infrared Illuminator featuring Yukon's PULS System
Lightweight
Compact
Hands Free Monocular
Durable, Rubber Armor Body
Interchangeable lenses
Photo/Video Adaptable
Head Mountable
Rifle Mountable
Water Resistant
Yukon Standard 3 Year Warranty

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20NVMT%201x24%20Head%20Mount%20Kit%2024025.htm

Yukon Viking Night Vision Binoculars

2005-10-28T12:47:00.000-07:00

From http://www.nightvisionstore.com

The Viking DL 2x24 utilizes dual IR illuminators (long and short range) and a LCD indicator for displaying time, on/off mode, IR setting and battery level plus Yukon's no hassle lens cap system, and a compact body.Overview

Detailed Description
Observe the beauty of the night with the latest in Generation 1 Technology - the all-new Yukon Advanced Optics' Viking series of night vision binoculars.

The Viking line of night vision binoculars is compact, lightweight and provides a wide field of view. The water resistant body increases the binoculars' versatility, while the central focusing knob and fixed eye span distance provide comfort and reliability.

The soft, one-piece eyecup prevents external light distortion and light leakage from the device, allowing the user to remain hidden in the night. The flip-top lens cap is an additional feature that allows the lens cap to be moved out of the way with a twist of the wrist and prevents loss.

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Viking%20DL%202X24%20Night%20Vision%20Binocular%2025021.htm

Yukon Night Vision with Digital Imaging

2005-10-28T12:44:00.000-07:00

See http://www.nightvisionstore.com

The image seen through the Digital NV Ranger 5x42 is crisp and sharp on the whole field of view and it does not show any light or dark spots and fuzziness toward the edges. Dual IR system coupled with 5x magnification guarantees the user's ability to recognize objects at maximum observation distance with outstanding clarity irrespective of viewing conditions, while the image brightness is comparable with Gen2 night vision scopes. Both of IR illuminators operate in prolonged IR wave range, which excludes the probability of being disclosed by other observers and by majority of night vision scopes utilizing electro-optical intensifying tubes. The Ranger is equipped with one 1/4" mount thus, with the help of a tripod, it can be used for stationary long-term viewing as well as for video recording on peripheral equipment. The high-strength body of the Ranger is made of constructional plastic providing shock, moisture and dust resistance for the whole unit.

http://www.nightvisionstore.com/Yukon%20Ranger%20Digital%20LT%205x42%20Night%20Vision%20Binocular%2028042.htm

Yukon NVRS Titanium Rifle Scopes

2005-10-28T05:05:00.000-07:00

We offer either a cash rebate or a free gift with each Yukon NVRS Night Vision Rifle Scope.
See http://www.nightvisionstore.com for complete details.

Yukon Night Vision Rifle Scopes

2005-10-28T05:01:00.000-07:00

We offer either a cash rebate or a free gift with each Yukon NVRS Night Vision Rifle Scope.
See http://www.nightvisionstore.com for complete details.